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www.sea-technology.com September 2015 / st 15 "I nia is through the frst timing gate," the announcer said. Cheers erupted, both from the three Inia teammates in the water and the competing teams in the basin. As sec- onds ticked by, the Inia team from Rhein-Waal University of Applied Science in Kleve, Germany, waited to hear the fnal verdict of their run. "And Inia has crossed the fnish line," the announcer re- ported. Deafening cheers flled the air. It was Thursday morning, the fourth day of racing, and Inia had completed their frst valid run of the week-long 13th International Human-Powered Submarine Races (ISR). Like the other 23 teams participating in the races, Inia con- sidered a valid run—crossing the fnish line of the course while submerged underwater—a success. History The International Submarine Races were frst held in June of 1989 at Riviera Beach, Florida. Nineteen teams from aca- demic institutions, corporations and independent groups gathered that frst race to compete. Though bad weather forced an early end to the week-long races, the U.S. Naval Academy won the prize for overall performance with their submarine, "Squid." Since then, the event has been held biennially to allow time for submarine development and construction. In 1995, the event venue moved to the David Taylor Model Basin at Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division in Bethes- da, Maryland, where, at the time, the speed record for a one- person submarine was set by "Substandard" at 5.0 kt. Since then, new world speed records and innovation in propulsion systems have highlighted the International Sub- marine Races. The Foundation for Underwater Research and Education (FURE), the nonproft organization that sponsors the event, remains dedicated to supporting and developing educational programs for marine technology and engineer- ing, and promoting the ISR competition. 13th International Submarine Races ISR participants prepare for a day of racing.